mauborg-ne



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(No Model.)

Patented June 16,1891.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. J. MAUBORGNE. HA'IR OARDING MAGHINE.

No. 454,175. Patentd June 16,1891.

V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS J. MAUBORGNE, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

HAlR-CARDING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0.. 454,175, dated June16, 1891. Application filed October 24, 1889. Renewed April 10, 1891]Serial No. 388,899 (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS J. MAUBORGNE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Hair- Carding Machines; and I dodeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable thers skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters marked thereon, which formpart of this specification.

My invention relates to hair-carding machines and is an improvement uponthe machine described in the patent issued to Louis Zaller, N0. 2,945,dated June 1, 1886, and its novelty consists-in the construction andadaptation of the parts, as will be more specifically pointed out in theclaims.

In the use of Zallers machine above referred to several practicaldifficulties were encountered which it is my purpose in my presentinvention to overcome. The hooks were not set at the proper distances toinsure the highest efficiency. They wereall of uniform size and weresecured to the frames in which they were set in such a manner that themachine had to be taken to pieces at a great loss of time and atconsiderable expense, in order to replace a hook which had been bent orbroken. The method of supporting the oscillating frame from above and bywhich it was subjected to a constant strain on its shaft was defective.It was liable to become displaced and prevented the best action of thehooks. The adjusting mechanism for raising and lowering the oscillatingframe was too coarse to admit of accurate adjustment to Varying kinds ofwork. The spaces between the hooks 011 each frame were not correct, andthe solid floor of thybed-frame with its one small transverseapertureprevented the escape of the foreign matter removed from the materialcarded and practically destroyed onehalf of the value of the machine. Inaddition, the construction of the machine necessitated the employment ofa solid and heavy structure, which was not readily movable and wasexpensive to carry from place to place.

In my improved device I have succeeded in remedying all of the defectsmentioned and in producing a machine which is simple in construction,readily repaired by unskilled labor, the use of which is easily learned,the adjustment of which is accurate, and which is portable and cheaplymade.

In the drawings, Figure l is a bottom plan view of the oscillatingframe. Fig. 2 is a perspective detail view illustrating the method ofinserting the hooks in the hook-bar. Fig. 3 is alongitudinalcentralsection of thehook-bar and fastenings, showing the inserted hooksin elevation. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the lifting mechanism ofthe bed-frame. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the bed-frame. Fig.0

is a longitudinal section of the hook-bar and its connections with thebed-frame; and Fig. 7 is a central vertical section of the entiremachine, showing parts in elevation.

In the drawings, A is the supporting-frame of my device, consisting of arectangular frame or shell supported upon legs or in any suitablemanner, and which incloses the bedframe B, of which the side walls areextended upward and terminate in a concave-shaped top, each of whichwalls is provided with rails a, also curved concavely, which serve asguideways A for the oscillating frame 0.: The front and rear of thesupporting-frame are open, but at its rear end it is provided with atransversely sloping shelf A, underneath which the hair or othermaterial to be carded is fed into the machine.

The oscillating frame 0 is convexly curved, and consists of the railsCiwhich run in the guideways A and of the hook-bars O and is providedwith a handle 0, extending backward for the convenience of the operator,and the spaces bet-ween the hook-bars are left open. The hook-bars aresecured to the rails in any approved manner and support the V hooks c,which are arranged in the particular machine illustrated in the drawingsin three sets. One set 0 has its prongs turned forward and consists offour rows of hooks.

These are nearest to the mouth of the ma-' chine. Next to this isanother set of hooks 0, consisting of two rows, which has its prongsturned in the opposite direction. At the front of the oscillating frameis a sets of four rows, arranged as the first set 0 tween the severalsets at their bases should be about twice the distance between any twoThe distance beadjacent hook-bars. The hooks on each bar are of unequallength, each alternate hook on any bar being longer than the one next toit. The method which I employ for securing the hooks to the hookbar ismore fully illustrated in Figs. 2 and 8. A groove is channeled in theunder side of each bar deep enough to receive the wire of which thehooks are composed, and apertures, as 0, are drilled in its upper sidethrough which the hooks project. A retaining-bar C of the same generalwidth as the back of the hook-bar is secured to it by suitablemeans,such as the screws C and serves to hold the hooks in place. Vhile I maybend two adjacent hooks out of one piece of wire, I usually prefer tomake each hook with its own shank. Should any hook bend or break, it canbe easily removed and another inserted in its place by removing theretaining-bar and inserting a new hook in place of the injured one.

The bed-frame B consists of concavelycurved strips, as B, which supportits transverse hook-bars b These hook-bars are construeted in the samemanner as those upon the oscillating frame. The hooks b are arranged ina channeled groove in the hookbar, and are held in place by aretaining-bar b and screws 1), the whole being secured to the strips 13'by means of the screws 11 The hooks projecting upward from the bed-frameintermesh with those in the oscillating frame, which are turned in theopposite direction, and which are similarly arranged in groups of fourrows, two rows as I) and b and two rows as b and I). The hooks of thebed-frame have each set pointing in the direction in which the hooks ofthe corresponding set of the oscillating frame point. The first row ofhooks b are provided with the longer hooks, much longer than those ofany other row, and these serve to assist the operator in feeding thematerial to the machine. It will be observed that a space is leftbetween the groups 0 and c on the oscillating frame and the groups Z)and b on the bed-frame. This prevents the hair from rolling up into aball, which I found that it had a tendency to do at that point in themachine described in Zallers patent. My present arrangement permits itto fall to the ground should such a tendency develop. The spaces betweenthe hook-bars of the bed-frame are open, which not only makes themachine much lighter than when it was made solid, but allows theimpurities and dust carded out of the hair to fall to the ground.

The bottom of the bed-frame is level and consists of two stripsl3 whichrest upon four inclined levers (1'. These levers are connected by linksd which stiffen them, and are rigidly secured at their lower ends to tworockshafts D and D, supported in suitable bearings on thesupporting-frame A. One of the rock-shafts has secured to its outer endand outside of the supporting-frame a lever E, by which it is turned andthe levers (1 moved and the bed-frame raised or lowered in consequence.This or some similar means of vertical adjustment of the distancebetween the bed-frame and the oscillating frame is necessary, becausedifferent materials require different distances between thecorresponding and intermeshing sets of hooks on each frame to secure thebest results in carding. This distance should be greater when thematerial to be carded is long and tough than when it is short and soft.

In Fig. 7 I show the concave bed-frame at its lowest position andadjusted to card long and tough materials. In order to card shorter andsofter materials, the bed-frame is raised by the mechanism describeduntil the hooks b, b, and b intermesh with the hooks c, c, and c on theoscillating frame. Also secured to the outside of the supporting-frameis the slotted arc-shaped bearing F, through the slot of which passes apin 6, which can be tightened by means of the nut or button e and theleverE and the lifting mechanism retained in any desired position.

The operation of the device is obvious. The hair or other material to becarded is fed into the machine at its throat under the sloping shelf Aby the operator, who stands or sits at the rear end of the machine. Atthe same time that he feeds the materialhe grasps the handle C of theoscillating frame and draws it toward him until the set of hooks c areopposite to the set I). He then pushes the oscillating frame forward asthe hair is fed. By the action of the hooks on the oscillating frame thehair is evenly distributed through the machine, and gradually travelsforward until it falls out at the front end. By raising or lowering thebed-frame by the mechanism provided for that purpose the distancebetween the hooks can be regulated and fine or coarse work may be doneat pleasure. The hair has a tendency to choke or bunch between the sets0 and c, and this I avoid by leaving an open space just at that point.By making the hooks alternately long and short the efficiency of themachine is greatly increased, as fibers of unequal length are equallycarded. By leaving the bed-frame open at the bottom and the oscillatingframe open at the top the dirt and other impurities taken from the hairescape as soon as they are removed, and are not carried out of themachine with the hair. The teeth, if bent or broken, are quicklyreplaced by unskilled labor.

By using my device for adjusting the bedframe instead of the oscillatingframe I am enabled to dispense with the heavy mechanism hcretoforeemployed for adjusting the oscillating frame, and my machine isaccordingly made light and portable.

Having described my invention, what I claim new is- 1. In a machine ofthe class described, the continuation, with a concave bed-frame havinggroups of hooks arranged in rows, the

hooks of one group being bentin opposite direction to the hooks of theadjoining group, of an arc-shaped convex oscillating frame having groupsof hooks also arranged in rows, each group having the hooks turned in o-posite direction to the hooks of the adjoining provided with groups ofhooks, of the adj usting mechanism for the same, consisting of thelevers d, the rock-shafts D and D, the lever E, the slotted arc F, andmeans, substantially as described, for securing the lever E at anydesired point.

4. The combination of the supportingframe provided with the concaveguideways A of the convex oscillating frame 0, provided with rails (3adapted to run in said grooved bearings, substantially as described. 5.The convex oscillating frame 0, provided with three groups of rows ofhooks c, c, and

0 the hooks in the outer rows 0 and 0 pointing forward and the hooks inthe middle rows a pointing backward, the bases of the rows in the middlegroup being distant from the bases of the rows in the outer groups agreater distance than the distance between the adjacent rows in any onegroup.

6. The concave bed-frame B, provided with four groups of hooks b, 11, Z1and b the hooks of the groups I) and b pointing forward and those of thegroups I) and b pointing backward, the bases of the hooks in the groupI) being distant from the bases of the hooks in the adjacent groups agreater distance than the distance between two adjacent rows of hooks inany one group.

7. The combination of the convex oscillating frame 0, provided withgroups of hooks c, c, and c bent as described and adapted to move inguideways A on the supportingframe, with the concave bed-frame B,provided with groups of hooks b, 1), b and b bent as described andprovided with means whereby the bed-frame may be raised or lowered.

8. The hook-bar 0 provided with a longitudinal slot to receive theshanks of the hooks o, and apertures, as 0, through which the said hooksare adapted to pass, as set forth.

9. The combination, with the slotted hookbar C provided with apertures,as o, for receiving the hooks c, of the said hooks c, the retaining-barC and means, as 0 for securin g the retaining-bar to the hook-bar, asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses,

FRANCIS J. MAUBORGNE.

Witnesses:

WM. RAIMOND BAIRD, JAMES L. DE FLEMERY.

